is the
Acronym of Communication System through Image Exchange. It is one of the
strategies used in the context of Alternative Augmentative Communication, but
has specificity for children with autism spectrum disorder.
The
introduction of an alternative augmentative communication system allows a
functional communication on the part of the child with difficulty, with
positive repercussions in different areas of development: communication, social
interaction, with a diminishing effect on problematic behaviours.
It is
based on the use of reinforcements (elements capable of modifying the frequency
of a behavior), prompting (in particular, using visual and physical prompts),
fading out (initially introducing many aids which are then gradually extinguished).
It aims to
develop functional communication and communication as a social exchange,
through small-step learning that includes six phases.
Phase:
objective
FIRST
PHASE: Guided physical Exchange.
Simple image exchange with object;
SECOND STAGE:
Increase spontaneity.
The
child learns to:
-
Go to the book for communication;
-
Remove the symbol card;
-
Go to the interlocutor and leave the symbol-card in his hand;
THIRD
STAGE: Discrimination of the symbol.
The
child learns to discriminate between visual stimuli and to express a choice;
FOURTH
STAGE: Construction of the sentence.
The
child learns to construct simple sentences with the symbol cards, composed of
"I want" + the object of interest;
FIFTH
STAGE: Answer.
The
child learns to answer the question "What do you want?”
SIX STAGE:
Make a comment.
Learn
to comment in response to the solicitation of the partner and spontaneously.
The
general objective is to encourage spontaneity and the child's initiative in
communication.
They can learn the exchange system for images parents, educators,
teachers, therapists and people who revolve around the child. The PECS can and
must be applied in all life contexts and is aimed at functional communication.
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